Questions, answered
When do I need to advance the audio?
When the picture leads the sound — a mouth moves before the word arrives. Trimming the head of the audio pulls the soundtrack earlier and closes the gap.
Does advancing lose part of the soundtrack?
Technically yes: the trimmed amount is removed from the start. At typical sync amounts that is a fraction of a syllable of room tone, but check the opening if you advance by a large amount.
Milliseconds or frames — which should I enter?
Milliseconds when working from device latency or by ear, frames when matching an editing timeline. One frame is roughly 33 ms at 30 fps and 17 ms at 60 fps.
How small an adjustment is worth making?
Errors under about 20 ms are inaudible to most people. Between 40 and 50 ms viewers start to notice, so that is the range worth correcting.
What if the audio is early instead of late?
Use the delay tool, which adds silence at the head to push the soundtrack later — the opposite correction.